The citizens will inevitably push for change if their aspirations are not met

Sometime in the mid-1960s when the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was accused of fermenting revolutions in Africa, Chairman Mao Tse Tung, then Chairman of the Communist Party and head of the Chinese government, vehemently denied the charge. On the contrary, he argued it was neither the responsibility nor the intention of the PRC to do any such thing in developing countries faced with the ravages of colonialism and domineering tendencies of imperialism.

But the PRC was acutely aware of two things after several countries won independence in Africa. First, African nations would definitely seek liberation from the remaining vestiges of the colonial yoke, expressed, in particular, through certain domestic and international social forces. Where blatant colonialism still existed as in the Portuguese colonies, the struggle for independence would no doubt be fused with the struggle for national liberation: hence the national liberation movements, which were ideologically more advanced than the independence movements in the rest of Africa.