Those who have sat in class in a tertiary institution and beyond are familiar with the adjectives Athenian and Spartan as relates to the orientation of an education a society may elect to offer its children. Even those who are enthusiasts of the history, Literature and philosophy of Greece of antiquity shall be aware of this.
There were two dominant city states in classical Greece: Athens and Sparta. While the former favoured a system of education that tended towards the nourishment of the mind and humane values, the latter gravitated towards military education. For as Athens sought to create the best human being to serve the state in times of both peace and war, Sparta was for the creation of a warrior citizenry that would stand and be counted for their nation in times of war - and these wars, Sparta loved getting into.