Crop rotation is not a new concept; it has been practised for thousands of years. Basically the science of crop rotation is based on the facts that it is never a good idea to grow the same crop on the same piece of land two seasons running, for two main reasons: Every type of crop takes different nutrients from the soil, leaving these depleted for crops that follow.
In case of the crop disease or pest outbreak, the residues are left in the soil and can attack the subsequent season. If a different crop is growing on same piece of soil, it is unlikely to be attacked as pests are more than often specific to a certain plant.