Red Bull's Max Verstappen won the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix and his first Formula One title with a last lap overtake on Sunday to deny championship rival Lewis Hamilton a record eighth crown in a race full of controversy.
Hamilton's Mercedes team won the constructors' title for an unprecedented eighth successive year but Verstappen, 24, made sure it was not another double.
The season-ending race started and ended with an argument -- tears of joy on one side and rage on the other, Mercedes furious with race director Michael Masi as the drivers' title disappeared so close to the chequered flag.
Red Bull had said they needed a miracle to win as Hamilton headed towards the title and a late safety car intervention provided just that opportunity.
With one racing lap to the finish and the Dutch driver on fresher tyres, Verstappen hunted down Hamilton and made the move.
"It's insane," said the first Dutch world champion who had started the day on pole position and level on points with Hamilton and whose hopes sank and rose as the stewards intervened.
"This is unbelievable guys! Can we do this for another 10-15 years together," he had said over the radio.
"We needed a bit of luck and we got it," said team boss Christian Horner.
Verstappen ended the season with 10 wins to Hamilton's eight, having also led more laps and taken more poles and podiums.
Ferrari's Carlos Sainz finished the race in third place.
List of Formula One world champions after Max Verstappen took the 2021 title at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix on Sunday:
2021 - Max Verstappen (Netherlands) Red Bull
2020 - Lewis Hamilton (Britain) Mercedes
2019 - Hamilton, Mercedes
2018 - Hamilton, Mercedes
2017 - Hamilton, Mercedes
2016 - Nico Rosberg (Germany) Mercedes
2015 - Hamilton, Mercedes
2014 - Hamilton, Mercedes
2013 - Sebastian Vettel (Germany) Red Bull
2012 - Vettel, Red Bull
2011 - Vettel, Red Bull
2010 - Vettel, Red Bull
2009 - Jenson Button (Britain) Brawn
2008 - Hamilton, McLaren
2007 - Kimi Raikkonen (Finland) Ferrari
2006 - Fernando Alonso (Spain) Renault
2005 - Alonso, Renault
2004 - Michael Schumacher (Germany) Ferrari
2003 - Schumacher, Ferrari
2002 - Schumacher, Ferrari
2001 - Schumacher, Ferrari
2000 - Schumacher, Ferrari
1999 - Mika Hakkinen (Finland) McLaren
1998 - Hakkinen, McLaren
1997 - Jacques Villeneuve (Canada) Williams
1996 - Damon Hill (Britain) Williams
1995 - Schumacher, Benetton
1994 - Schumacher, Benetton
1993 - Alain Prost (France) Williams
1992 - Nigel Mansell (Britain) Williams
1991 - Ayrton Senna (Brazil) McLaren
1990 - Senna, McLaren
1989 - Prost, McLaren
1988 - Senna, McLaren
1987 - Nelson Piquet (Brazil) Williams
1986 - Prost, McLaren
1985 - Prost, McLaren
1984 - Niki Lauda (Austria) McLaren
1983 - Piquet, Brabham
1982 - Keke Rosberg (Finland) Williams
1981 - Piquet, Brabham
1980 - Alan Jones (Australia) Williams
1979 - Jody Scheckter (South Africa) Ferrari
1978 - Mario Andretti (U.S.) Lotus
1977 - Lauda, Ferrari
1976 - James Hunt (Britain) McLaren
1975 - Lauda, Ferrari
1974 - Emerson Fittipaldi (Brazil) McLaren
1973 - Jackie Stewart (Britain) Tyrrell
1972 - Fittipaldi, Lotus
1971 - Stewart, Tyrrell
1970 - Jochen Rindt (Austria) Lotus
1969 - Stewart, Matra
1968 - Graham Hill (Britain) Lotus
1967 - Denny Hulme (New Zealand) Brabham
1966 - Jack Brabham (Australia) Brabham
1965 - Jim Clark (Britain) Lotus
1964 - John Surtees (Britain) Ferrari
1963 - Clark, Lotus
1962 - Hill, BRM
1961 - Phil Hill (U.S.) Ferrari
1960 - Brabham, Cooper
1959 - Brabham, Cooper
1958 - Mike Hawthorn (Britain) Ferrari
1957 - Juan Manuel Fangio (Argentina) Maserati
1956 - Fangio, Lancia/Ferrari
1955 - Fangio, Mercedes
1954 - Fangio, Mercedes/Maserati
1953 - Alberto Ascari (Italy) Ferrari
1952 - Ascari, Ferrari
1951 - Fangio, Alfa Romeo
1950 - Giuseppe Farina (Italy) Alfa Romeo
- - - -
Multiple champions:
7 - Schumacher, Hamilton
5 - Fangio
4 - Prost, Vettel
3 - Brabham, Stewart, Lauda, Piquet, Senna
2 - Ascari, Graham Hill, Clark, Fittipaldi, Hakkinen,