The Covid-19 pandemic has caused dramatic disruptions to education systems around the world and has had huge impacts on learning for more than 1.6 billion children and youth. Schools remained closed for 117 million students from March 2020 to September 2021, and many systems are still only partially open today. Early estimates suggest that the proportion of children around the world who cannot read or write a simple text by the age of 10, known as Learning Poverty, will increase from 53 per cent in 2019 to 63 per cent in 2021.