Why early cancer detection gives patients best chance

Breast cancer is the second-most common cause of cancer death in women.  The lifetime risk of developing breast cancer in an average-risk woman is one in eight.

This risk increases with age and factors such as genetics, reproduction and lifestyle. Modifiable risk factors include weight gain after age 18, post-menopausal obesity, menopausal hormone replacement therapy, physical inactivity, and alcohol. Non-modifiable risk factors include high breast tissue and bone mineral density.

The government should introduce health cover that includes free cancer screening programmes in public hospitals. It should also establish more advanced cancer treatment centres countrywide.

The introduction of cancer awareness campaigns and free screenings will prompt more people to check their health status. This will reduce the number of deaths due to late discover of the disease.

Cancer prevention and early detection are integral parts of the cancer care continuum. Ideally, primary cancer prevention in the form of risk reduction is the best way to decrease morbidity and mortality.

Certain populations are considered to be at high risk for some malignancies, and the screening and management of these populations should be different from that of the general population.

Education of individuals and populations is crucial. Education encompasses information about exercise, dietary habits, sun protection, smoking cessation, and recommended screening practices.

Early detection achieved by adhering to routine screening guidelines facilitates diagnosis at the earliest stage, when the cancer is most likely to be treated successfully and is associated with the best patient survival scenario.