At the height of colonialism, the British wanted to construct a railroad connecting Mombasa and Kisumu in bid to open East Africa for trade and encourage their citizens to stay in the region. Construction work started in 1896.
In 1899, they build a camp and supply depot for construction workers in a region inhabited by the Maasai. The Maasai had called the land Enkare Nairobi because of its cool waters. This is how Nairobi gained its name.