Unmet pledges pile up as Ruto delivers third nation address

As President William Ruto delivers his third State of the Nation Address today, scrutiny is intensifying over the Kenya Kwanza manifesto he unveiled in 2022 — and how many of its short and medium-term promises remain unfulfilled three years into his term.

The Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda (BETA), the administration’s 2022–27 blueprint, was anchored on three pillars: short-term, medium-term and long-term goals. Many of the short-term pledges, expected to be met by now, are lagging.