Imagine a scenario where a woman is seeking a sperm donor. She comes across an advert on social media where a man, JM, is offering his sperm through a private arrangement.
They meet up, the hoped-for conception happens, and a child is born. The woman, SW, allows the man to have contact with the child, although she, her partner, and JM had earlier signed an agreement that JM was to have no rights over the child or any contact.