Uganda President Yoweri Museveni seeks to boost exports and rein in borrowing

Uganda wants to curb its borrowing and boost exports in sectors such as meat and dairy as the East African country lifts restrictions triggered by the coronavirus pandemic, President Yoweri Museveni and government officials told Reuters.

Uganda’s trade push follows several years of reduced Chinese lending to the continent and as programmes designed to offer relief to indebted countries as they recover from Covid-19-induced slumps start to expire.

“Uganda can do much better without borrowing in my opinion. Especially borrowing for ... budget support, balance of payments support,” Museveni said, speaking to Reuters in a tent on his private farm as a large herd of his Acholi cows wandered past.

Museveni said he wanted to expand the country’s meat, leather and dairy trade and add value to other agricultural exports such coffee, which has long been one of Uganda’s main foreign exchange earners.

“We don’t import milk, we don’t import beef, we have now built a leather industry for the shoes,” Museveni said, using a stick to gently poke back the head of one inquisitive cow taking a peek inside the tent.

In 2009, Uganda produced nearly 700 million litres of milk and there was only one other major dairy company apart from the state-owned Dairy Corporation.

Now, thanks to improved feed, training and investment in 14 private dairy companies, the Ugandan Dairy Development Authority says the country produced 2.81 billion litres last year.

Odrek Rwabwogo, Museveni’s son-in-law, a businessman and senior presidential adviser, said Uganda “only consumes about 800 million litres and is looking for markets for the excess”.

Debt cancellation

Museveni wants to expand regional trade, but many barriers remain despite there being a free trade agreement in the region.

Uganda used to sell lots of milk to neighbour Kenya, but Kenya restricted sales in 2019 and Uganda’s milk exports are now 50 per cent of what they used to be before the curbs.

Uganda says the restrictions were imposed due to concern about cheap imports despite the regional free trade treaty. Kenyan trade officials did not return calls seeking comment. Uganda has also recently begun exporting meat to Democratic Republic of Congo and China, Mr Rwabwogo said, and wants to partner with the European Union, Britain or other potential importers to ensure import quality standards could be met. Museveni reiterated that he would like rich creditors to cancel debts from African nations recovering from the economic fallout of the pandemic.

“I don’t think it is good Christianity or even good economics to impoverish your customer. Economics and morality point in the direction of debt cancellation,” he said.

Uganda’s total public debt jumped 27.4 per cent to $19.5 billion (Sh2.2 trillion) by June 2021 from $15.3 billion (Sh1.7 trillion) a year before, most of it to build big infrastructure projects, said Finance Ministry spokesman Apollo Munghinda. About $12.4 billion (Sh1.4 trillion) of that is external debt.

As of June 2021, Uganda’s public debt stood at 47 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP), up from 41 per cent a year earlier, and is expected to hit 53 per cent of GDP in June 2022.

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