By Hosea Omole

Flowerbeds and borders make for a good part of many residential gardens. Unfortunately many are not given the attention they deserve. Whether you are creating a flowerbed or border from scratch or updating an existing one, there are a number of important factors you need to consider before you start planting.

Carefully consider the site conditions. The sun and shade patterns are particularly important, as are the soil types and the microclimatic conditions. This will help you determine the suitability of the plants you choose and if they will thrive at all.

Here are important considerations that you need to think about:

Planning and site

Ideally, flowering beds and border should be positioned in a sunny site away from shade casting trees and buildings. If however, your site is all covered up in shade, there are a number of shade-loving plants you can choose from. Find out which ones you might like from a reputable nursery.

A sheltered site next to a hedge, wall or fence is ideal as well. These structures often create a warm and sheltered microclimate for more tender plants to thrive. They may also provide a backdrop for climbers and vines to rumble over.

Colour coordination is important in choosing flowers to plant

Right from the beginning, it is important to try and picture as clearly as possible how you wish your beds and borders to appear at the end. Beds that are to be viewed from a distance, for instance, will benefit from larger plants or larger groupings of plants.

Themes and colours

Beds and borders should be designed to follow particular themes or create a certain desired look and feel. A bed devoid of any guiding theme or principle often looks jumbled up. Fortunately there are many themes to choose from.

You can create a bed predominated with palms, palm-like species and large-leaved fruiting shrubs to create a tropical theme. Alternatively you can plant lavenders, rosemary and other fragrant plants to produce fragrance reminiscent of Mediterranean gardens. 

Colour combination is another important consideration. Right from the start, decide what colour schemes you wish to achieve. Complementary colour schemes, for instance, contrast cool colours with warm colours. Monochromatic schemes on another hand use tints and shades of the same colour for a clean and sophisticated look. 

Year round Interest

Consider the flowering seasons of each of the plants you intend to use and how they will look at every point of their growth. The best beds are those that provide year-round interest. Select perennials and annuals with staggered flowering seasons so that you have flowers all year round.

Also include plants with interesting foliage and textures to make up for flower colour during those low flower months. Many species of shrubs feature interesting coloured and variegated leaves that can rival any flowering plants.

You can also create additional interest by placing plants with contrasting textures next to each other in the beds and borders. Textural contrasts can actually be quite striking. For example, the bold leaf forms of plants such as rheum contrast well with the more feathery forms of astilbes and aruncus.

The author is a Landscape

Architect