Ghanaian authorities are enforcing regulations that prohibit preaching and street vending on public transport while vehicles are in motion.
Under the regulations, people caught preaching or selling items to passengers on moving buses face penalties of up to eight months in prison, a fine of up to Sh6,745 ($52) or both.
The law was introduced to improve commuter comfort and reduce risks associated with activities taking place on moving vehicles. Its enforcement has, however, sparked debate over the place of religious preaching on public transport.
According to the BBC, mobile ministry has for decades been a familiar feature of public transport in Ghana.
Preachers routinely board long-distance buses to deliver sermons, offer prayers for safe journeys and collect contributions from passengers.
Supporters of the ban argue that loud preaching can make passengers uncomfortable and distract drivers navigating busy roads.
Some commuters have also said passengers on moving buses have little choice but to listen to sermons during long journeys.
Bus preachers, however, argue that their ministry provides spiritual guidance and comfort to people who may not have time to attend conventional church services.
For some, preaching on buses is also a source of income, with voluntary contributions from passengers helping them meet their daily needs and support their families.
With enforcement now active, some preachers face a choice between abandoning the practice and risking legal penalties.
Religious leaders have urged ministers to respect the regulations and consider other ways of reaching audiences, including social media.
Some affected preachers are instead seeking exemptions that would allow them to conduct brief prayers before buses leave major stations.