Adapting food textures and presentations, such as blending, mashing, or mincing, can help overcome physical challenges, while using natural spices and making meals visually appealing can stimulate appetite.
Certain nutrients, he says, hold particular importance for maintaining neurological health in the elderly. Omega-3 fatty acids, for instance, have been proved to support brain function and reduce inflammation.
"Vitamin D, essential for bone health, also plays a role in neurological processes. Magnesium, zinc, and folate are similarly crucial, with deficiencies linked to increased risk of cognitive decline and neurological symptoms," says Nyanumba.
Caregiver support
The nutritionist further suggests incorporating local Kenyan foods that can help address these nutritional needs, such as tilapia, beans, lentils, sardines, avocado, berries, and fermented porridge.
"These nutrient-dense options are not only beneficial, but also familiar and culturally appropriate for our elderly population."
However, the challenges faced by the elderly in Kenya extend far beyond just nutrition. Caregiver support and access to quality healthcare remain significant barriers, particularly in rural areas.
Prof Amayo notes that the lack of oversight in nursing homes can lead to mistreatment and inappropriate medication management, exacerbating the already dire situation.
A recent study published in the Journal of the Neurological Sciences examined the prevalence of neurological disorders among the elderly in Kenya. The research, conducted by a team of Kenyan and international researchers, surveyed over 2,000 individuals aged 60 and above across several regions of the country.
The findings were sobering. The overall prevalence of neurological conditions are estimated to be around 23 per cent, with dementia accounting for the largest share at 12 per cent.