For most girls and women, menstruation is about more than just the physical aspect. It also affects their emotional state. While most people recognise the physical symptoms of menstruation, such as cramps, bloating and fatigue, fewer recognise the mental and emotional challenges that accompany it.
Menstruation is a normal process. However, in certain regions, particularly rural and impoverished communities, it is stigmatised. Girls are told not to speak about it. They may be made to feel impure or ashamed. This silence can create fear, confusion and embarrassment. Without anyone to ask questions of or share things with, girls may begin to think that there must be something wrong with them.
The emotional impact of menstruation can be significant. Girls may feel anxious when their period is due. They fear staining their clothing, being teased or being labelled 'dirty'. Some may even stay home from school, miss important activities, or isolate themselves. This can lead to depression, loneliness and low self-esteem in the long term.
Some girls experience symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), such as mood swings, irritability and depression. These feelings can start a few days before their period begins and subside once it starts. For some girls, the emotional changes are more intense and long-lasting. Without help, such girls can suffer in silence for years.
The situation can be even worse for disabled girls or those in difficult circumstances. Without proper menstrual products, clean toilet facilities or supportive caregivers, the experience can be even more challenging. If their needs are not addressed, their psychological health can also be impacted.
What can we do?
The first step is to talk openly about menstruation and emotions. Girls must be taught not only how to manage their periods, but also how to recognise and manage the emotions that accompany them. Schools, homes and communities must provide safe spaces where girls can ask questions and voice their concerns.
Men also have a role to play. If they are informed about menstruation, they will not tease or judge. They can become allies, breaking the silence and stigma surrounding menstruation.
Health workers, teachers, and community leaders must integrate mental health into menstrual health activities. Simple activities such as group discussions, storytelling, journaling, and peer counselling can help girls to feel less alone and gain confidence.
Menstruation is not just a matter of cleanliness; it is also a matter of emotional health, dignity and fairness. By supporting girls during their periods, both physically and emotionally, we can help them to stay in education, build their confidence and fulfil their potential.
Let us make this conversation change. Let us listen to the girls. Let's incorporate mental health into everyday menstrual health.
The writer is a mental health and psychosocial support expert.
